A framework for (under)specifying dependency syntax without overloading annotators

Understand

We introduce a framework for lightweight dependency syntax annotation.

• Our formalism builds upon the typical representation for unlabeled dependencies, permitting a simple notation and annotation workflow.
• Moreover, the formalism encourages annotators to underspecify parts of the syntax if doing so would streamline the annotation process.
• We demonstrate the efficacy of this annotation on three languages and develop algorithms to evaluate and compare underspecified annotations.