The Solution to the Problem of Time in Shape Dynamics

Understand

The absence of unique time evolution in Einstein's spacetime description of gravity leads to the hitherto unresolved `problem of time' in quantum gravity.

• Shape Dynamics is an objectively equivalent representation of gravity that trades spacetime refoliation invariance for three-dimensional conformal invariance.
• Its logical completion presented here gives a dimensionless description of gravitational dynamics.
• We show that in this framework the classical problem of time is completely solved.