Gravitational Lensing by Phantom Black holes

Understand

In some models dark energy is described by phantom scalar fields (scalar fields with "wrong" sign of the kinetic term in the lagrangian).

• In the current paper we study the effect of phantom scalar field and/or phantom electromagnetic field on gravitational lensing by black holes in the strong deflection regime.
• The black-hole solutions that we have studied have been obtained in the frame of the Einstein-(anti-)Maxwell-(anti-)dilaton theory.
• The obtained results show considerable effect of the phantom scalar and electromagnetic fields on the angular position, brightness and separation of the relativistic images.