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Ideas from causal set theory lead to a fluctuating, time dependent cosmological-constant of the right order of magnitude to match currently quoted "dark energy" values.
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Rafael D. Sorkin, Forks in the Road, on the Way to Quantum Gravity
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B. Bollobás and Graham Brightwell, “The Structure of Random Graph Orders”, SIAM J. Discrete Math, 10
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Alan Daughton, Jorma Louko and Rafael D. Sorkin, Instantons and unitarity in quantum cosmology with fixed four-volume
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P.G. Ferreira and M. Joyce, Cosmology with a primordial scaling field
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David P. Rideout and Rafael D. Sorkin, Classical sequential growth dynamics for causal sets
2000
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Rafael D. Sorkin, “Indications of causal set cosmology”, Int. J. Theor. Ph. –
2000
Xavier Martin, Denjoe O’Connor, David Rideout and Rafael D. Sorkin, “On the ‘renormalization’ transformations induced by cycles of expansion and contraction in causal set cosmology,” Phys. Rev. D63, 084026 (2001), gr-qc/0009063, http://www.pitp.ca/personal/rsorkin/some.papers/103.cosmic.renorm.pdf
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G.E. Volovik, Evolution of cosmological constant in effective gravity
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Maqbool Ahmed, Scott Dodelson, Patrick Greene and Rafael D. Sorkin, Everpresent Lambda
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Graham Brightwell, talk at Workshop on Causal Sets , Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dec. 2004
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Maqbool Ahmed and D.P. Rideout Indications of de Sitter spacetime from classical sequential growth dynamics of causal sets
2010
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