Multi-Weyl Topological Semimetals Stabilized by Point Group Symmetry

Understand

We perform a complete classification of two-band $\bk\cdot\mathbf{p}$ theories at band crossing points in 3D semimetals with $n$-fold rotation symmetry and broken time-reversal symmetry.

• Using this classification, we show the existence of new 3D topological semimetals characterized by $C_{4,6}$-protected double-Weyl nodes with quadratic in-plane (along $k_{x,y}$) dispersion or $C_6$-protected triple-Weyl nodes with cubic in-plane dispersion.
• We apply this theory to the 3D ferromagnet HgCr$_2$Se$_4$ and confirm it is a double-Weyl metal protected by $C_4$ symmetry.
• Furthermore, if the direction of the ferromagnetism is shifted away from the [001]- to the [111]-axis, the double-Weyl node splits into four single Weyl nodes, as dictated by the point group $S_6$ of that phase.