Boundary effects in the density-matrix renormalization group calculation

Understand

We investigate the boundary effect of the density matrix renormalization group calculation (DMRG), which is an artifactual induction of symmetry-breaking pseudo-long-range order and takes place when the long-range quantum fluctuation cannot be properly included in the variational wave function due to numerical limitation.

• The open boundary condition often used in DMRG suffers from the boundary effect the most severely, which is directly reflected in the distinct spatial modulations of the local physical quantity.
• By contrast, the other boundary conditions such as the periodic one or the sin^2-deformed interaction [A.
• Gendiar, R.