X-rays, gamma-rays and neutrinos from collisoinless shocks in supernova wind breakouts

Understand

We show that a collisionless shock necessarily forms during the shock breakout of a supernova (SN) surrounded by an optically thick wind.

• An intense non-thermal flash of <~ MeV gamma rays, hard X-rays and multi-TeV neutrinos is produced simultaneously with and following the soft X-ray breakout emission, carrying similar or larger energy than the soft emission.
• The non-thermal flash is detectable by current X-ray telescopes and may be detectable out to 10's of Mpc by km-scale neutrino telescopes.