Scaling Relations and Overabundance of Massive Clusters at z>~1 from Weak-Lensing Studies with HST

Understand

We present weak gravitational lensing analysis of 22 high-redshift (z >~1) clusters based on Hubble Space Telescope images.

• Most clusters in our sample provide significant lensing signals and are well detected in their reconstructed two-dimensional mass maps.
• Combining the current results and our previous weak-lensing studies of five other high-z clusters, we compare gravitational lensing masses of these clusters with other observables.
• We revisit the question whether the presence of the most massive clusters in our sample is in tension with the current LambdaCDM structure formation paradigm.