Non Singular Origin of the Universe and its Present Vacuum Energy Density

Understand

We consider a non singular origin for the Universe starting from an Einstein static Universe, the so called "emergent universe" scenario, in the framework of a theory which uses two volume elements $\sqrt{-{g}}d^{4}x$ and $\Phi d^{4}x$, where $\Phi $ is a metric independent density, used as an additional measure of integration.

• Also curvature, curvature square terms and for scale invariance a dilaton field $\phi$ are considered in the action.
• The first order formalism is applied.
• The integration of the equations of motion associated with the new measure gives rise to the spontaneous symmetry breaking (S.S.B) of scale invariance (S.I.).