Spin-one color superconductors: collective modes and effective Lagrangian

Understand

We investigate the collective excitations in spin-one color superconductors.

• We classify the Nambu--Goldstone modes by the pattern of spontaneous symmetry breaking, and then use the Ginzburg--Landau theory to derive their dispersion relations.
• These soft modes play an important role for the low-energy dynamics of the system such as the transport phenomena and hence are relevant for late-stage evolution of neutron stars.
• In the case of the color-spin-locking phase, we use a functional technique to obtain the low-energy effective action for the physical Nambu--Goldstone bosons that survive after gauging the color symmetry.