Dark energy: investigation and modeling

Understand

Constantly accumulating observational data continue to confirm that about 70% of the energy density today consists of dark energy responsible for the accelerated expansion of the Universe.

• We present recent observational bounds on dark energy constrained by the type Ia supernovae, cosmic microwave background, and baryon acoustic oscillations.
• We review a number of theoretical approaches that have been adopted so far to explain the origin of dark energy.
• This includes the cosmological constant, modified matter models (such as quintessence, k-essence, coupled dark energy, unified models of dark energy and dark matter), modified gravity models (such as f(R) gravity, scalar-tensor theories, braneworlds), and inhomogeneous models.