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The equilibrium state of a trapped two-dimensional Bose gas · Around

2010

The equilibrium state of a trapped two-dimensional Bose gas

Rath, Steffen P., Yefsah, Tarik, Guenter, Kenneth J. et al.

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We study experimentally and numerically the equilibrium density profiles of a trapped two-dimensional $^{87}$Rb Bose gas, and investigate the equation of state of the homogeneous system using the local density approximation.

We find a clear discrepancy between in-situ measurements and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations, which we attribute to a non-linear variation of the optical density of the atomic cloud with its spatial density.
However, good agreement between experiment and theory is recovered for the density profiles measured after time-of-flight, taking advantage of their self-similarity in a two-dimensional expansion.

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The modelling of our lens triplet imaging system gives a half-width at half maximum value of ∼ 2 μ m \sim 2\,\upmu\text{m} for the point-spread response function, much smaller than the typical radius of the gas ( 20 μ m 20\,\upmu\text{m} ). The transverse displacement of the atoms during the imaging pulse (duration 60 μ 60\,\mu s) can be accounted for by a convolution of the initial density profile with a gaussian of width ≲ 1.5 μ m \lesssim 1.5\,\upmu\text{m} . Also, their longitudinal displacement ≲ 30 μ m \lesssim 30\,\upmu\text{m} is too small to significantly defocus the image

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