Long-range forces : atmospheric neutrino oscillation at a magnetized detector

Understand

Among the combinations $L_e-L_\mu$, $L_e-L_\tau$ and $L_\mu-L_\tau$ any one can be gauged in anomaly free way with the standard model gauge group.

• The masses of these gauge bosons can be so light that it can induce long-range forces on the Earth due to the electrons in the Sun.
• This type of forces can be constrained significantly from neutrino oscillation.
• As the sign of the potential is opposite for neutrinos and antineutrinos, a magnetized iron calorimeter detector (ICAL) would be able to produce strong constraint on it.