NLO corrections to e+e- to WWZ and e+e- to ZZZ

Understand

We calculate the one-loop electroweak corrections to e+e- to WWZ and e+e- to ZZZ and analyse their impacts on both the total cross section and some key distributions.

• These processes are important for the measurements of the quartic couplings of the massive gauge bosons which can be a window on the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking.
• We find that even after subtracting the leading QED corrections, the electroweak corrections can still be large especially as the energy increases.
• We compare and implement different methods of dealing with potential instabilities in the routines pertaining to the loop integrals.