Quantum Yang-Mills Condensate Dark Energy Models

Understand

We review the quantum Yang-Mills condensate (YMC) dark energy models.

• As the effective Yang-Mills Lagrangian is completely determined by the quantum field theory, there is no adjustable parameter in the model except the energy scale.
• In this model, the equation-of-state (EOS) of the YMC dark energy, $w_y > -1$ and $w_y < -1$, can both be naturally realized.
• By studying the evolution of various components in the model, we find that, in the early stage of the universe, dark energy tracked the evolution of the radiation, i.e.