Confinement and the quark Fermi-surface in SU(2N) QCD-like theories

Understand

Yang-Mills theories with a gauge group SU(N_c\=3)and quark matter in the fundamental representation share many properties with the theory of strong interactions, QCD with N_c=3.

• We show that, for N_c even and in the confinement phase, the gluonic average of the quark determinant is independent of the boundary conditions, periodic or anti-periodic ones.
• We then argue that a Fermi sphere of quarks can only exist under extreme conditions when the centre symmetry is spontaneously broken and colour is liberated.
• Our findings are supported by lattice gauge simulations for N_c=2...5 and are illustrated by means of a simple quark model.