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Dark Energy and the Return of the Phoenix Universe · Around

2008

Dark Energy and the Return of the Phoenix Universe

Lehners, Jean-Luc, Steinhardt, Paul J.

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In cyclic universe models based on a single scalar field (e.g., the radion determining the distance between branes in M-theory), virtually the entire universe makes it through the ekpyrotic smoothing and flattening phase, bounces, and enters a new epoch of expansion and cooling.

This stable evolution cannot occur, however, if scale-invariant curvature perturbations are produced by the entropic mechanism because it requires two scalar fields (e.g., the radion and the Calabi-Yau dilaton) evolving along an unstable classical trajectory.
In fact, we show here that an overwhelming fraction of the universe fails to make it through the ekpyrotic phase; nevertheless, a sufficient volume survives and cycling continues forever provided the dark energy phase of the cycle lasts long enough, of order a trillion years.
Two consequences are a new role for dark energy and a global structure of the universe radically different from that of eternal inflation.

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