Emergent Universe and Phantom Tachyon Model

Understand

In this work, I have considered that the universe is filled with normal matter and phantom field (or tachyonic field).

• If the universe is filled with scalar field, Ellis et al have shown that emergent scenario is possible only for $k=+1$ i.e.
• for closed universe and here I have shown that the emergent scenario is possible for closed universe if the universe contains normal tachyonic field.
• But for phantom field (or tachyonic field), the negative kinetic term can generate the emergent scenario for all values of $k ~(=0,\pm 1)$.