Understand
We calculate in perturbative QCD the transverse momentum broadening of vector boson production in high energy nuclear collisions.
- We evaluate the effect of initial-state parton multiple scattering for the production of the Drell-Yan virtual photon and $W/Z$ bosons.
- We calculate both the initial- and final-state multiple scattering effect for the production of heavy quarkonia and their transverse momentum broadening in both NRQCD and Color Evaporation model of quarkonium formation.
- We find that J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ broadening in hadron-nucleus collision is close to $2C_A/C_F$ times the corresponding Drell-Yan broadening, which gives a good description of existing Fermilab data.
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