Gluon mass and freezing of the QCD coupling

Understand

Infrared finite solutions for the gluon propagator of pure QCD are obtained from the gauge-invariant non-linear Schwinger-Dyson equation formulated in the Feynman gauge of the background field method.

• These solutions may be fitted using a massive propagator, with the special characteristic that the effective mass employed drops asymptotically as the inverse square of the momentum transfer, in agreement with general operator-product expansion arguments.
• Due to the presence of the dynamical gluon mass the strong effective charge extracted from these solutions freezes at a finite value, giving rise to an infrared fixed point for QCD.