The electronic properties of graphene

Understand

This article reviews the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one atom thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations.

• The Dirac electrons can be controlled by application of external electric and magnetic fields, or by altering sample geometry and/or topology.
• We show that the Dirac electrons behave in unusual ways in tunneling, confinement, and integer quantum Hall effect.
• We discuss the electronic properties of graphene stacks and show that they vary with stacking order and number of layers.