On the evolution of eccentric and inclined protoplanets embedded in protoplanetary disks

Understand

Young planets embedded in their protoplanetary disk interact gravitationally with it leading to energy and angular momentum exchange.

• This interaction determines the evolution of the planet through changes to the orbital parameters.
• We investigate changes in the orbital elements of a 20 Earth--mass planet due to the torques from the disk.
• We focus on the non-linear evolution of initially non-vanishing eccentricity $e$ and/or inclination $i$.